Piano Lamps
| With the over strung scale, also called "cross-stringing", the strings are placed in a vertically overlapping slanted arrangement, with two heights of bridges on the soundboard instead of just one |
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| This permits larger, but not necessarily longer, strings to fit within the case of the piano |
| Over stringing was invented by Jean-Henri Pape during the 1820s, and first patented for account in grand pianos in the United States by Henry Steinway Jr |
| in 1859. |
The extra keys are added primarily for increased resonance from the associated strings; that is, they vibrate sympathetically with other strings whenever the damper pedal is depressed and thus give a fuller tone. Only a very cramped ordinal of works composed for piano decidedly use these notes. Also recently, the Stuart Piano Lamps and Sons company has also manufactured extended-range pianos. On their instruments, the range is extended both down the bass to F0 and up the treble to F8 for a full eight octaves. The extra keys are the same as the other keys in appearance.